What does marking-to-market refer to in investment practice?

Marking-to-market refers to the practice of determining the current market value of an investment in a portfolio. This process involves updating the value of an asset to reflect its current price in the market rather than relying on its historical cost. This is essential in investment management as it provides a realistic view of an investment's value, accounting for fluctuations in market conditions, demand, and supply.

For example, if a financial asset was purchased at a certain price but has since increased or decreased in value due to market movements, marking-to-market allows investors and managers to assess its worth accurately. This practice is especially important for reporting purposes, as it ensures that financial statements reflect the most up-to-date asset values, offering a clearer picture of a portfolio's performance and risk at any given time.